MacOS通过Swift实现监听对应USB的插拔情况

先来看看locationId,在哪里

上述0x14220000 十六进制的数值，即locationID.

Swift 中 监听其物理设备的链接代码如下:

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import IOKit
import IOKit.usb
import IOKit.usb.IOUSBLib
import Foundation

class USBWatcher {
    private var addedIterator: io_iterator_t = 0
    private var removedIterator: io_iterator_t = 0
    private let targetLocationID: UInt32
    private var notificationPort: IONotificationPortRef?
    private let eventQueue = DispatchQueue(label: "com.usb.watcher.queue", attributes: .concurrent)
    
    /// target LocationId
    /// - Parameter targetLocationID: 目标的Location ID
    init(targetLocationID: UInt32) {
        self.targetLocationID = targetLocationID
        
        // 在子线程启动监听
        eventQueue.async { [weak self] in
            self?.setupNotifications()
            RunLoop.current.run() // 保持子线程 RunLoop 运行
        }
    }
    
    deinit {
        IOObjectRelease(addedIterator)
        IOObjectRelease(removedIterator)
        if let port = notificationPort {
            IONotificationPortDestroy(port)
        }
    }
    
    private func setupNotifications() {
        let matchDict = IOServiceMatching(kIOUSBDeviceClassName)
        // notificationPort = IONotificationPortCreate(kIOMainPortDefault)
        if #available(macOS 12.0, *) {
            notificationPort = IONotificationPortCreate(kIOMainPortDefault)
        } else {
            // Fallback on earlier versions
            // macOS 10.15 及更早版本使用旧名称
            notificationPort = IONotificationPortCreate(kIOMasterPortDefault)
        }
        
        guard let port = notificationPort else {
            print("Failed to create notification port")
            return
        }
        
        // 将通知端口绑定到当前线程的 RunLoop（子线程）
        let runLoopSource = IONotificationPortGetRunLoopSource(port).takeUnretainedValue()
        CFRunLoopAddSource(CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), runLoopSource, .defaultMode)
        
        // 注册设备插入监听
        IOServiceAddMatchingNotification(
            port,
            kIOMatchedNotification,
            matchDict,
            { (userData, iterator) in
                let watcher = Unmanaged<USBWatcher>.fromOpaque(userData!).takeUnretainedValue()
                watcher.handleUSBEvent(iterator: iterator, isConnected: true)
            },
            Unmanaged.passUnretained(self).toOpaque(),
            &addedIterator
        )
        
        // 注册设备拔出监听
        IOServiceAddMatchingNotification(
            port,
            kIOTerminatedNotification,
            matchDict,
            { (userData, iterator) in
                let watcher = Unmanaged<USBWatcher>.fromOpaque(userData!).takeUnretainedValue()
                watcher.handleUSBEvent(iterator: iterator, isConnected: false)
            },
            Unmanaged.passUnretained(self).toOpaque(),
            &removedIterator
        )
        
        // 初始化枚举设备
        handleUSBEvent(iterator: addedIterator, isConnected: true)
        handleUSBEvent(iterator: removedIterator, isConnected: false)
    }
    
    private func handleUSBEvent(iterator: io_iterator_t, isConnected: Bool) {
        while case let device = IOIteratorNext(iterator), device != IO_OBJECT_NULL {
            guard let locationID = getDeviceProperty(device: device, key: kUSBDevicePropertyLocationID) as? UInt32,
                  locationID == targetLocationID else {
                IOObjectRelease(device)
                continue
            }
            
            print("Thread Name == \(Thread.current)")
            
            // 获取设备信息（在子线程）
            let vendorID = getDeviceProperty(device: device, key: kUSBVendorID) as? Int ?? 0
            let productID = getDeviceProperty(device: device, key: kUSBProductID) as? Int ?? 0
            let serialNumber = getDeviceProperty(device: device, key: kUSBSerialNumberString) as? String ?? "N/A"
            let deviceName = getDeviceProperty(device: device, key: "USB Product Name") as? String ?? "N/A"
            
            
            // 切换到主线程发送通知
            DispatchQueue.main.async {
                let event = isConnected ? true : false
                let message = """
                   [USB 设备] \(event)
                   ├─ Vendor ID:[0x\(String(format: "%04X", vendorID))]
                   ├─ Product ID:[0x\(String(format: "%04X", productID))]
                   ├─ SerialNumber:[\(serialNumber)]
                   ├─ Location ID:[0x\(String(locationID, radix: 16))]
                   └─ deviceName:[\(deviceName)]
                   """
                print(message)
                
                // 发送通知（可选）
                NotificationCenter.default.post(
                    name: .USBDeviceStateChanged,
                    object: nil,
                    userInfo: [
                        "event": event,
                        "vendorID": vendorID,
                        "productID": productID,
                        "serialNumber": serialNumber,
                        "locationID": locationID,
                        "deviceName":  deviceName
                    ]
                )
            }
            IOObjectRelease(device)
        }
    }
    
    // 通用方法获取设备属性
    private func getDeviceProperty(device: io_object_t, key: String) -> Any? {
//        print("key == \(key)")
        let cfProp = IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty(
            device,
            key as CFString,
            kCFAllocatorDefault,
            0
        )
        return cfProp?.takeUnretainedValue()
    }
}

// 定义通知名称
extension Notification.Name {
    static let USBDeviceStateChanged = Notification.Name("USBDeviceStateChanged")
}

使用流程如下:

  1. 先监听
  2. 创建对应locationId 的实体(其内部会有监听触发的逻辑)

调用部分代码如下

  1. 监听部分
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override func viewDidLoad() {
     super.viewDidLoad()
     
     // ... code omited ...
     // 注册通知监听
     NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(
         self,
         selector: #selector(handleUSBEvent(_:)),
         name: .USBDeviceStateChanged,
         object: nil
     )
}

// 处理 USB 事件
 @objc func handleUSBEvent(_ notification: Notification) {
     if let userInfo = notification.userInfo,
        let event = userInfo["event"] as? Bool,
        let vendorID = userInfo["vendorID"] as? Int,
        let productID = userInfo["productID"] as? Int,
        let serialNumber = userInfo["serialNumber"] as? String,
        let deviceName = userInfo["deviceName"] as? String,
        let locationID = userInfo["locationID"] as? UInt32 {
        let detail_info = """
            [\(deviceName)] \(state)
            ├─ Vendor ID:[0x\(String(format: "%04X", vendorID))]
            ├─ Product ID:[0x\(String(format: "%04X", productID))]
            ├─ SerialNumber:[\(serialNumber)]
            ├─ Location ID:[0x\(String(locationID, radix: 16))]
            └─ deviceName:[\(deviceName)]
            """
         ICTLog.shared.addLogToFile(msg: detail_info)
         
     }
 }

  1. 创建监听实体:
    • 这里需要传入目标监听的locationID，在USBWatcher 类内部会处理监听逻辑
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func startWatchUSB() {
    // 这里的LocationID 是User 配置的，根据实际情况替换逻辑
    guard let locationId = UserDefaults.standard.string(forKey: SaveType.LocationId.rawValue), locationId.count > 3 else { return }
    
    if let number = UInt32(locationId.dropFirst(2), radix: 16) {
        // usbWatcher内部会触发通知回调
        usbWatcher = USBWatcher(targetLocationID: number)
    } else {
        print("无效的十六进制字符串")
    }
    
}

综上，在对应LocationID的插拔，就会触发对应的通知，且输出外设的相关信息.

拓展
如何使用命令行获取LocationId?
ioreg -p IOUSB -l -w 0 -x | grep -i "locationID
通过命令行获取所有USB信息
ioreg -p IOUSB -l -w 0 -x （最后一个 -x 是要求16进制）

MacOS
MacOS通过Swift实现监听对应USB的插拔情况
https://jackiedai.github.io/2025/04/14/015MacOS/003_Swift_LocationId/
Author
lingXiao
Posted on
April 14, 2025
Licensed under